Rage Powder is learned by 12 species by level and 9 by egg

Effect, in PokéAPI's words

“Redirects the target’s single-target effects to the user for this turn.”

Who learns it

20 species in all, 8 of 9 games shown

Scarlet and Violet: 13 species

Species	Method	Level
Poltchageist	Level up	36
Sinistcha	Level up	36
Foongus	Level up	40
Amoonguss	Level up	42
Brute Bonnet	Level up	77
Volcarona	Level up	78
Venonat	Egg
Spinarak	Egg
Ariados	Egg
Hoppip	Egg
Scatterbug	Egg
Toedscool	Egg
Capsakid	Egg

Brilliant Diamond and Shining Pearl: 10 species

Species	Method	Level
Hoppip	Level up	31
Skiploom	Level up	36
Jumpluff	Level up	39
Butterfree	Level up	40
Paras	Level up	49
Parasect	Level up	59
Venonat	Egg
Tangela	Egg
Spinarak	Egg
Carnivine	Egg

Sword and Shield: 5 species

Species	Method	Level
Butterfree	Level up	40
Foongus	Level up	40
Amoonguss	Level up	42
Volcarona	Level up	78
Tangela	Egg

Ultra Sun and Ultra Moon: 14 species

Species	Method	Level
Volcarona	Level up	1, 80
Hoppip	Level up	31
Butterfree	Level up	35
Skiploom	Level up	36
Jumpluff	Level up	39
Foongus	Level up	45
Paras	Level up	49
Amoonguss	Level up	54
Parasect	Level up	59
Venonat	Egg
Tangela	Egg
Spinarak	Egg
Carnivine	Egg
Scatterbug	Egg

Sun and Moon: 14 species

Species	Method	Level
Volcarona	Level up	1, 80
Hoppip	Level up	31
Butterfree	Level up	35
Skiploom	Level up	36
Jumpluff	Level up	39
Foongus	Level up	45
Paras	Level up	49
Amoonguss	Level up	54
Parasect	Level up	59
Venonat	Egg
Tangela	Egg
Spinarak	Egg
Carnivine	Egg
Scatterbug	Egg

Omega Ruby and Alpha Sapphire: 14 species

Species	Method	Level
Volcarona	Level up	1, 80
Hoppip	Level up	31
Butterfree	Level up	34
Skiploom	Level up	36
Jumpluff	Level up	39
Foongus	Level up	45
Paras	Level up	49
Amoonguss	Level up	54
Parasect	Level up	59
Venonat	Egg
Tangela	Egg
Spinarak	Egg
Carnivine	Egg
Scatterbug	Egg

X and Y: 14 species

Species	Method	Level
Volcarona	Level up	1, 80
Hoppip	Level up	31
Butterfree	Level up	34
Skiploom	Level up	36
Jumpluff	Level up	39
Foongus	Level up	45
Paras	Level up	49
Amoonguss	Level up	54
Parasect	Level up	59
Venonat	Egg
Tangela	Egg
Spinarak	Egg
Carnivine	Egg
Scatterbug	Egg

Black 2 and White 2: 13 species

Species	Method	Level
Hoppip	Level up	31
Butterfree	Level up	34
Skiploom	Level up	36
Jumpluff	Level up	39
Foongus	Level up	45
Paras	Level up	49
Amoonguss	Level up	54
Parasect	Level up	59
Volcarona	Level up	80
Venonat	Egg
Tangela	Egg
Spinarak	Egg
Carnivine	Egg